Abstract

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal malignant tumor of hematopoietic stem cells. At present, MICM classification is commonly used in the world, in which morphology is the most basic and important. A bone marrow smear can inform clinicians of a variety of disease information, such as the presence of cup-like blast (CLB) cells often indicates AML with mutations in the NPM1 or FLT3-ITD genes.
Methods: Blood routine and bone marrow routine tests were used to detect the cell proliferation condition and morphology in peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients.
Results: Blood routine of the patient indicated a WBC of 176.33 x 109/L with 80% blasts. The bone marrow routine showed that blasts showed obvious hyperplasia, AML-M1 was considered for morphology. CLB cells are visible, and FLT3-ITD and NPM1 gene mutation detection was recommended.
Conclusions: We investigated the association between CLB cells and FLT3-ITD/NPM1 gene mutation, as well as the value of CLB cells in diagnosis and treatment for AML by combining the case and relevant literature.

DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2025.250130