Abstract

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by varying degrees of platelet count reduction, with or without skin and mucosal bleeding. Eltrombopag is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) that promotes platelet production by specifically binding to the transmembrane domain of thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R).
Methods: Blood routine examination was performed to monitor the changes of platelets in this ITP patient during the treatment of eltrombopag.
Results: The ITP patient had an extreme thrombocytosis after open reduction and internal fixation of radial fracture while taking eltrombopag.
Conclusions: We believe that this rare case was caused by the co-stimulation of eltrombopag, surgery, inflammation, and artificial bone implant. Therefore, ITP patients taking eltrombopag should monitor platelet changes, especially during infection and surgery, so as to adjust the dose of eltrombopag in time.

DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241218