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Abstract

Association of Vitamin D Deficiency, Dyslipidemia, and Obesity with the Incidence of Coronary Artery Diseases in Type 2 Diabetic Saudi Patients by Amal F. Gharib, Ahmad El Askary, Mazen Almehmadi, Hatem H. Allam, Lamiaa K. Elsayyad, Bader B. Althobaiti, Ebtehal AbdulAziz Almoudhi, Sara H. Alwethenany, Rana A. Al Zahrani, Alaa Shafie

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease associated with vascular complications. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of vitamin D deficiency, dyslipidemia, and obesity with the incidence of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: The study included 200 Saudi adult subjects, aged 40 - 60 years, of both genders, attending King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital in Taif city. Subjects were divided into four groups; 50 subjects each: Control group, type 2 diabetic, type 2 diabetic with coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetic obese patients having body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Serum vitamin D (25-OH-D), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were estimated.
Results: Serum vitamin D and HDL-C in the three diabetic patient groups were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Among patient groups, the levels in the diabetic coronary and diabetic obese patients were significantly decreased as compared to the diabetic patient group (p < 0.001). FBG levels, HbA1c%, TC, TG, LDL-C levels, and BMI in all diabetic patient groups were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in comparison to control. Significant negative correlations were observed between serum vitamin D and FBG, HbA1c%, TC, TG, LDL-C levels, and BMI whereas positive correlations with HDL-C in all diabetic patient groups.
Conclusions: The deficiency status of 25-OH-D is associated with dyslipidemia in type 2 Saudi diabetic patients, specifically those complicated with obesity and coronary artery diseases.

DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.211104